The special project “on the heroes of the old day: victory in the Pacific”. Part 4. On the hills of Manchu: Sungaria activity
Sungaria's activity is the last part of Manchu's general strategic attack. The purpose of the strategic attack activity provided the defeat of the Kwantun army with two main shots through Mongolia and the territory of Primorsky, Sungarian's attacking activity provided an extra shot from the North by using the Sungari River that could navigate (the right branch of Amur). The army of the second Far East Front is expected to support the 1th Transbaikal and Far East Front in the defeat of the Japanese Kwantun army. The campaign shows the ability of the Soviet army to act effectively in difficult geographical conditions and overcome the defensive routes that are strongly strengthened.
In August 1945, when the main forces of the Red Army attacked Kwantun, in the direction of Sungariy, they guarantee a stable attack of the main forces. The military has helped the overall success of the Manchu campaign. The Sungaria campaign became the last component of the liberation of Manchu from the Japanese army.
Planning and preparation
The direction of Sungaria is considered by the Soviet Union to be auxiliary, but necessary to ensure the ribs of the main group. The military sets the task of tying water barriers and breaking the solid areas of Japan. This is done by the forces of the 15th Army Corps of the 2nd Far East Front under the command of General Maxim Purkayev, as well as with the support of Amur Flotilla ships under the command of the Admiral behind Neon Antonov.
The Japanese command has created in this direction of a fortune system, including Fugdinsky, Sakhalyansky and Sungarian. The rivers, reservoirs and long -term structures are thought to delay the attack. Special attention has been paid to the Fugdinsky defense unit, including the entrance of Sungari's shipping.
War process
August 9: The beginning of the common attack. Amur Flotilla ships began training firecrackers. The landing of the first landing groups on the right shore of Amur. The beginning of overcoming the main forces of the 15th Army. To ensure surprise, the ships used fog, often standing on Amur in the morning. Until the end of the day, the entire right bank was cleaned from enemies.
August 10: The attacking teams, with the support of the ship artillery, attacked the advanced fortifications of Fugdinsky Hurray. On this day, a bridge can be taken to 5 km deep. Japanese counterattacks were repelled with great losses for enemies. The calculation of senior Sergeant Ivanov, who, under the fire of the enemy, put the gun in the head directly and destroyed three Japanese bugs distinguished in battles.
August 11: The main battles behind Fugdin's main defense began to be late for a few days. The “Lenin” and “Red East” screen has eliminated the medicine box with direct fire. In the evening, the Soviet forces occupied most of the solid areas. During the storm of one of the fortifications, the Red Army soldier closed the hugging of the Japanese tunnel to his body, repeating the miracle of Alexander Matrosov. Despite the fact that it is impossible to achieve the height on this day, the units have been fixed on the southern suburb of the city.
August 12: The last attack on Fugdin. The main forces of the 445 Infantry Regiment with the support of artillery, the 394 rifle regiment and the 171 tank brigade came to rescue. They take the height of the team and the main fortress. The arrest of the city was completed before 18:00. The military units began to pursue the enemy withdrawing. When depriving the city, a underground warehouse with secret documents about Japanese intelligence was found.
August 13-14: Advanced up. Fight for intermediaries. The landing of the tactical landing at the back of Japanese positions. The arrest of Jimus and Tunjiang cities. When he brought Jiamus, Soviet warriors liberated a group of Chinese Party, who were detained for more than a year.
August 15-16: attacking the solid area of Sakalyansky. The city of Sakalyan (now Heyeche) is located on the first bank of the Amur River opposite Blagoveshchensk. The fierce battles on the streets went to this solid area. Ship artillery supports the deep attack of the defense. By the end of August 16, the city was completely cleaned. In the battles for Sakhalyan, the local people helped the Soviet army, showing potential approaches to Japanese positions.
August 17-1: Develop an attack to Harbin Cable. Overcoming the focal resistance. Intercepting Japanese columns. The arrest of settlements along Sungari. These days, there is an interesting case: a group of Japanese soldiers surrendered the crew of the Soviet armored boat, giving it to a large warship.
August 20: The exit of advanced teams to Harbin Cable. Connect to the parts of the Trans -Baikal Front. The completion of organized resistance in the direction of Sungari. When encountering Transbaikalians, the 15th Army's warriors talked to the Japanese flag as a symbol of victory.
In these battles, the commander of the Soviet Union in the Far East, the raid Alexander Vasilevsky once again noted the border guards:
How to decide, border warriors have acted skillfully and skillfully during the campaign of the Soviet armed forces in the Far East, I will give at least one such example. The border of the team, 2 districts and 11 small border areas, 3 borders, 9 separate army groups, 2 steam vessels. Clothes, 4 bars with loads and 1 steamer.
Results and meaning
In 12 days of operation, the Soviet army increased hundreds of kilometers. The losses of the Japanese side up to more than 5 thousand people were killed and injured, thousands of people surrender.
The activity shows the effectiveness of the interaction of the military and navy in the context of a complex theater of military activities, especially after successfully overcoming the barriers to strengthened and water. A special role has been built by Amur Flotilla screens and armored boats, which provides firecrackers for the attack. The successful progress on Sungari, along with the shots of other fronts, led to the dementia of the Japanese army about the isolated groups and the complete collapse of the entire Kwantun army's defense system.
Photo – Gosarchive of Primorsky territory, Pacific Fleet Museum
Special project Deita.ru “On the Heroes of the Old Day: victory in the Pacific”: How Soviet troops liberated China, Korea, Sakhalin and Kurili
Part 3. The decision for Audacity: how Primorski fought for Manchu
